As geopolitical instability threatens traditional trade routes, such as the Strait of Hormuz, Morocco and Spain are fast-tracking a massive project to construct a $23 billion subsea rail tunnel connecting Africa and Europe. This ambitious "Mediterranean Gateway" aims to transform North Africa into a global logistics powerhouse, providing a stable alternative to volatile maritime chokepoints. Spanning a 42-kilometre stretch, with 27 kilometres submerged deep beneath the Strait of Gibraltar, the project faces "nightmarish" engineering hurdles, including water depths of 900 metres and significant seismic activity. Despite these challenges, the necessity of a permanent link has moved the plan from a 1979 dream to a modern strategic priority. With blueprint approvals expected by 2027, the dual-tube tunnel could ferry passengers and freight between continents in just 30 minutes.

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